Most of the country's wine production is made for export. 28 February 2023. Moldova in brief Destination Moldova, a Nations Online country profile of the small landlocked Eastern European country sandwiched between Ukraine and Romania in a region known as Bessarabia. [12] Moldova is a member state of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, and the Association Trio. The Soviet Army re-captured the region in FebruaryAugust 1944, and re-established the Moldavian SSR. In February 2022 Sandu condemned the Russian invasion of Ukraine, calling it "a blatant breach of international law and of Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity. In February, Moldova, a country of 3.5 million squeezed between Ukraine and Romania, held an inconclusive parliamentary election. Mihai Eminescu, a late Romantic poet, and Ion Creang, a writer, are the most influential Romanian language artists, considered national writers both in Romania and Moldova. The first million mobile telephone users were registered in September 2005. [228], On 1 March features mrior gifting, which is a tradition that females are gifted with a type of talisman that is given for good luck.[229]. Among most prominent classical musicians in Moldova are Maria Bieu, one of the leading world's sopranos and the winner of the Japan International Competition; pianist Mark Zeltser, winner of the USSR National Competition, Long-Thibaud-Crespin Competition in Paris and Busoni Competition in Bolzano, Italy. By ethnic composition, the population of Transnistria was distributed as follows: Russians - 29.1%, Moldovans - 28.6%, Ukrainians - 22.9%, Bulgarians - 2.4%, Gagauzians - 1.1%, Belarusians - 0.5%, Transnistrian - 0.2%, other nationalities - 1.4%. Moldova has signed the Association Agreement and the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement with the European Union during summer 2014. With few natural energy resources, Moldova imports almost all of its energy supplies from Russia and Ukraine. His brother Roman I conquered the Hungarian-ruled Cetatea Alb in 1392, giving Moldavia an outlet to the Black Sea, before being toppled from the throne for supporting Fyodor Koriatovych in his conflict with Vytautas the Great of Lithuania. [78] The large scale of the fraud compared to the size of the Moldovan economy is cited as tilting the country's politics in favour of the pro-Russian Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova. Although Moldova has been independent from the Soviet Union since 1991, Russian forces have remained on Moldovan territory east of the Nistru River in the breakaway region of Transnistria. The new coalition and Igor Dodon argued that the president may call snap elections after consulting the parliament but is not obliged to do so. [124][125], Religious leaders play a role in shaping foreign policy. Ukraine. [64][65] Along with several other Soviet republics, from 1988 onwards, Moldova started to move towards independence. Moldova's capital and largest city is Chiinu. Due to the temporarily suspended militaty conflict with the Pridnestrovian Republic, this country was known as the last hot spot in Europe, until recent conflicts in Ukraine. Another popular band from Moldova is Zdob i Zdub that represented the country in the 2005 Eurovision Song Contest, finishing sixth, also in 2021, with a similar result. [74] On 30 December 2010, Marian Lupu was elected as the Speaker of the Parliament and the acting President of the Republic of Moldova. Moldova reported 29 cases of the disease on 17 March 2020. [142] Forests currently cover only 11% of Moldova, though the state is making efforts to increase their range. After the failure of the Tatarbunary Uprising in 1924, the Moldavian Autonomous Region, created earlier in the Transnistria region, was elevated to an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Ukrainian SSR. [211], The total fertility rate (TFR) in Moldova was estimated in 2015 at 1.56 children/woman,[213] which is below the replacement rate of 2.1. [163] Moldova has also achieved a Free Visa Regime[164] with the EU which represents the biggest achievement of Moldovan diplomacy since independence. The total land area is 33,851km2 (13,070sqmi). As a part of an ambitious economic liberalization effort, Moldova introduced a convertible currency, liberalized all prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises, backed steady land privatization, removed export controls, and liberalized interest rates. Russia has the highest number of Slavs in the world, totaling 143 million. strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe after Russia People and Society Population 43,528,136 (2022 est.) Moldova's hills are part of the Moldavian Plateau, which geologically originate from the Carpathian Mountains. [89] The country reported its first death from the disease on 18 March 2020, when the total number of cases reached 30. Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, a Bessarabian parliament, Sfatul rii (a National Council), was elected in OctoberNovember 1917 and opened on December 3[O.S. World War I brought in a rise in political and cultural (ethnic) awareness among the inhabitants of the region, as 300,000 Bessarabians were drafted into the Russian Army formed in 1917; within bigger units several "Moldavian Soldiers' Committees" were formed. Shipping on the lower Prut and Nistru rivers plays only a modest role in the country's transportation system. Natalia squeezed into the final by a very small margin. [175], On 6 June 2012, the Government approved the licensing of 4G / LTE for mobile operators. [152] Monetary policy has been successful in maintaining inflation within the NBM's target range. [149] Moldova is currently interested in expanding their wisent population, and began talks with Belarus in 2019 regarding a bison exchange program between the two countries. Association football is the most popular team sport in Moldova. In 2012, the average age of women at first birth was 23.9 years, with 75.2% of births being to women under 30, and 22.4% of births being to unmarried women. Officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (PMR), Transdniestria is technically part of Moldova. To date, no comprehensive studies exist about the population genetic structure of modern Moldavians. The retirement age will be lifted gradually by a few months every year until it is fully in effect in 2028. [63] The Commission for the Study of the Communist Dictatorship in Moldova is assessing the activity of the communist totalitarian regime. The political crisis that broke out in early 2013 was resolved with the appointment of a government supported by a pro-European center-right/center coalition in May 2013. The largest part of the country (around 88% of the area) lies in Bessarabia region, between Prut and Dniester rivers, while a narrow strip in the east is located in Transnistria (east of the Dniester). Dodon, leader of Moldova's main pro-Russian opposition, the Socialist Party, was accused of taking bribes. On 26 April 2022, authorities from the Transnistria region said two transmitting antennas broadcasting Russian radio programs at Grigoriopol transmitter broadcasting facility near the town of Maiac in the Grigoriopol District near the Ukrainian border had been blown up and the previous evening, the premises of the Transnistrian state security service had been attacked. This expansion was made possible by adequate macroeconomic stabilization measures and ambitious structural reforms implemented in the wake of the crisis under a Fund-supported program. Moldova River Over the 19th century, the Russian authorities encouraged the colonization of Bessarabia or parts of it by Russians, Ukrainians, Germans, Bulgarians, Poles, and Gagauzes, primarily in the northern and southern areas vacated by Turks and Nogais, the latter having been expelled in the 1770s and 1780s, during the Russo-Turkish Wars;[d][38][37][39][40] the inclusion of the province in the Pale of Settlement also allowed the immigration of more Bessarabian Jews. On 27 August 1991, as the dissolution of the Soviet Union was underway, the Moldavian SSR declared independence and took the name Moldova. Analysis. The ethnic groups in Moldova include Moldovan (75.1%), Romania (7%), Ukrainian (6.6%), Gagauz (4.6%), Russian (4.1%), and others (3.22%). Athletes from Moldova have won European medals in athletics, biathlon, football, and gymnastics; world medals in archery, judo, swimming, and taekwondo; as well as Olympic medals in boxing, canoeing, shooting, weightlifting, and wrestling. [97] She resigned on 10 February 2023.[98][99]. To bridge this gap with respect to paternal lineages, we analyzed 37 binary and 17 multiallelic (STRs) polymorphisms on the non-recombining portion of the Y chromosome in . Flights were banned to Spain, Italy, France, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Cyprus, Germany, Ireland, the U.K., Poland, Portugal and Romania. After the 19901992 War of Transnistria, Moldova sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region by working with Romania, Ukraine, and Russia, calling for international mediation, and co-operating with the OSCE and UN fact-finding and observer missions. Combaterea coruptiei, stabilitatea economica si intarirea institutiilor, singura cale catre succes", "Women Victims from Moldova From 1991 through 2008", "Country Comparison: Total Fertility Rate", "Biroul Naional de Statistic Comunicate de pres - Situaia copiilor n Republica Moldova", "Human Development Report 2009 Moldova", "As Health System Declined, TB Increased", "Former Soviet Nations, China Face High MDR-TB Prevalence, Study Says", "Understanding Migration, Emigration from Moldova", Moldovan Red Wines: The Best Red Wine on the Planet You Have Never Heard Of, "How This Tiny European Country Got the World's Worst Drinking Problem", "Moldova Declares Western Christmas Day Official Holiday", "Martisor, a Spring celebration for Eastern Europeans - FOREIGNERS IN UK", "Europe's poor relations show richness of spirit; Mark Souster visits Moldova and discovers a wealth of ambition at all levels in one of the game's new frontiers", S.Res.148 - A resolution to express the sense of the Senate that the United States should support the right to self-determination of the people of the Republic of Moldavia and northern Bucovina, autonomous country of the Kingdom of Denmark, Commission against Racism and Intolerance, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC), Council of Ministers of Defense of the CIS, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moldova&oldid=1142489472, Romanian-speaking countries and territories, Russian-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1991, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with Romanian-language sources (ro), Articles with dead external links from March 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles needing additional references from March 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with incomplete citations from May 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2022, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with incomplete citations from December 2022, Wikipedia articles that are excessively detailed from October 2016, All articles that are excessively detailed, Wikipedia articles with style issues from October 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2018, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Date of proclamation.