from a musical perspective alabaos are from a musical perspective alabaos are

It is quite natural and normal for our non-music people to conceive our music from the perspective of its social function and stylistic nature and characteristics. In fact, the oldest songs you probably know are childrens songs! Read More Arts Integration and 21st-Century Skills, Read More A Glossary of 21st Century Education terms. These rituals and songs reinforce a sense of solidarity, bring the community together, and maintain the traditions of this Afro-Colombian communities. This is most similar to a drum sound. Plosives (/t/, /p/, /k/) have a very short loudness envelope that reaches maximum volume very quickly and then dies away just as quickly. The soundscape affects our health, body, and learning. Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, for example, is the product of both England and France, as an early 19th-century English poem set to an 18th-century French folk tune (Ah, vous dirai-je, Maman). Found another of my own typos: 'best server' instead of 'best served' can you tell I work in computer support? Also interesting is the VoSim technology, a simple way of synthesizing vowel sounds with oscillator sync and amplitude modulation but without any filtering. As Michael Curtis has pointed out, from the linguistic side, the study of phonetics is all about what speech sounds humans make and how they make them. Music can entail vastly different sounds and tonalities. Mary Had a Little Lamb is an example of a: If you have a drum set, two electric guitars, a bass, and a synthesizer, you will most likely be playing: A few notes played slowly and softly on a small glockenspiel can sound like magic. Ethnomusicology 35(1), 5576. How can I prevent singing off-pitch? Also known as terapia criolla. Ngoya Kidula also interrogates traditional canons in music studies in Africa and the US. Phoenix + phonetics = phoenetics! These are basically vowels where the formant or filter is changed while we say them. La grabacin se realiz en una casa de madera frente al ro (que los fines de semana funciona como cantina), lo cual le di un sonido orgnico que se acerca ms al registro documental sonoro. Campbell, P. (1998). She employs de-colonialist discursive frameworks to foreground experiential approaches and performative-scholarly discourse. For example, the f in 'fan is not voiced, but when voiced it becomes v like 'van.'. Our soundscapes have tremendous physical and cognitive impacts on us. songs (alabaos). Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? It is a community dance in the Pacific region of Colombia, where women and men may meet and form new relationships; the most common of all the Afro-Colombian dances. Objects featured in the piece are given cartoon-like facial features. From 2015-2018, she was chair of the Department of Black Studies at the University of Missouri. The Black Scholar The Center for Ethnomusicology at Columbia University, The Department of African American and African Diaspora Studies at Columbia University, The Committee on Equity and Diversity of the Columbia University School of Arts and Sciences, The Italian Academy for Advanced Studies in America at Columbia University, The Department of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies at Columbia University, The Institute for the Study of Sexuality and Gender at Columbia University, The Department of Art and Music Histories in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Syracuse, the Institute for African Studies at Columbia University, The Society of Fellows and Heyman Center for the Humanities at Columbia University, and the Department of Music at Columbia University. Pedagogical Resources for Antiracist Teaching. We turn to music to feel better, relieve anxiety, overcome a difficult situation, find calm and peace, or feel empowered and fearless. Children encounter music at home, in their everyday cultural environment, and while at play. This type of music is performed by Afro-Colombian groups in the departments of Valle del Cauca, Cauca and Nario. The role of music, however, has changed dramatically in recent years. Somewhat abstract in form, The Dayak Plays the Musical Instrument depicts a native Indonesian man or woman playing a large instrument in a rear-facing position. This is approximately the same thing a voltage-controlled-filter does in an analog synthesizer. A connection between music and a peaceful "bomb-free" state of existence is open to interpretation. Antonin Dvorak, the famous folk music composer of the Czech Republic, has created numerous music works in his life. Your statement is true in many (most?) There is a plethora of evidence regarding the critical role that the arts play in childrens lives and learning. Le puede interesar:Voces de Resistencia, por mujeres afrocolombianas. They respond to music and learn through music. From commercial musicpop and rock to jazz, from folk songs to national songs, religious and holiday songs, and multicultural musicchildren hear the rhythms, melodies, and harmonies that make up their musical environment. Her research focuses on popular music in postcolonial Togo, in particular on articulations between music and state power. A very witty and thorough perspective of a Hollywood classic, I cannot have reviewed it any better than yourself. Children clapping, stomping, or snapping will have them focus their attention. Appel, M. P. (2006). What's the term for the duplication of a note, when a singer has to repeat a verse but it's a syllable longer? Tambin se canta al dolor, a la contradiccin y a la confusin frente a la muerte. The cantos de vaquera are believed to be one of the precursors of the popular vallenato genre. No instruments at all? Because musical performances are socially and culturally situated, they come to be ethically saturated as well. vegan) just to try it, does this inconvenience the caterers and staff? These consonants include /d/ (voiced /t/), /b/ (voiced /p/), /z/ (voiced /s/) and so on. The sounds all around us play a significant role in our development. Canada. We will not study these traditional mourning songs from an ethnographic perspective, but from the interdisciplinary perspective of performance studies. This has both positive and negative consequences. There are a few voiced consonants that do not have unvoiced versions and also straddle the line between consonants and vowels. What would it sound like if you lived 100 years ago? Did your songs have games or movement of some kind? Desde ambos frentes, ha buscado promover no solo la msica sino tambin la literatura, la gastronoma y dems elementos caractersticos de esta zona del pas. On weekday and Sunday afternoons Mindy Heusel offers her highly enjoyable musical Perspective. Sound signal: A foregrounded sound that we consciously hear. a. Why, for example, does the word "hello" sound completely different to the word "goodbye", or the letter "a" from the letter "b"? Tough question because music is growing and evolving from that which preceded it so it's all interrelated. What does society think about childrens songs? Algunos alabaos tienen versos en latn o lo simulan. In its pages African American studies intellectuals, community activists, and national and international political leaders come to grips with basic issues confronting black America and Africa. Note that /f/ is a fairly even noise sound, while /s/ has more of a sense of some frequencies being louder than others, /sh/ is a more uneven noise sound, and /th/ is a muted noise sound without as much of the upper frequencies. If you preorder a special airline meal (e.g. The different sounds of plosives come from their different formants. Technology has helped to alter the balance of the musical experience, favoring music listening over music making. The results favor integrative and holistic approaches that support the ideals of what a skilled 21st century student should know. Listening to music with other people? Think of two different cymbals, a "high" one and a "low" one as being examples of noise with two different formants. Regarding formants, the OP might try saying the word 'wow' slowly in a monotone pitch, and exaggerate the beginning (closed), middle (open) and ending (closed) formants. As . The body is covered with flowers and a cappella chants are performed around it. ,$|4>@I]=0i CBN>uB@wb_8A&. How can children be prepared to contribute and compete in a complex society? For unvoiced consonants, there are two subcategories we can talk about, plosives, fricatives. Contrary to the prevailing theories that music and language are cognitively separate or that music is a byproduct of language, theorists at Rice University's Shepherd School of Music and the. Mindy likes to broaden her repertoire selections to include music by late 20th-century and. Read the University copyright policy. Hallam, S. (2010). They unconsciously absorb idioms (i.e., musical styles, genres, and characteristics), which will render certain sounds familiar to them and certain sounds foreign and unfamiliar. Currulao A Colombian dance of African origin, also known as marimba dance. A drum set with an elaborately colored kick drum sits beside a wall painting of similarly colored shapes and patterns. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. uwell crown flashing blue light . Hoy, tiene en proceso un documental sobre la familia Balanta de Timbiqu, Cauca y otro sobre la vida de Gualajo. Como explica el etnomusiclogo Michael Birenbaum, este tipo de cantos tambin se escuchan en otras partes del mundo a las que llegaron los misioneros franciscanos, por lo que pueden encontrarse similitudes, por ejemplo, con tonadas de, Junto con los alabaos encontramos otras manifestaciones que hacen parte de los rituales de velorio y que son centrales en la historia de los pueblos afro del Pacfico colombiano: los guales, tambin conocidos como chigualos, que se realizaban cuando mora un nio. A keynote outlines the character of the people living there. Keynotes are often nature sounds (wind, birds, animals, water) but in urban areas can be traffic. (1985) Versus Gradus novos ad Parnassum Musicum: Exemplum Africanum Becoming Human through Music: The Wesleyan Symposium on the Perspectives of Social Anthropology in the Teaching and Learning. 2016 con las voces ms representativas de esta regin del ro, y bajo la curadura de curadura de Emeterio Balanta. Todas las marcas registradas son propiedad de la compaa respectiva o de PUBLICACIONES SEMANA S.A.Se prohbe la reproduccin total o parcial de cualquiera de los contenidos que aqu aparezca, as como su traduccin a cualquier idioma sin autorizacin escrita por su titular. Noh is a Japanese theatre art characterized by: both of these answers. Instead, some vocal sounds are "voiced" meaning the vocal chords vibrate (producing pitches.) Los artistas que participaron en este proceso pertenecen a diferentes agrupaciones. She earned her doctorate in ethnomusicology from Columbia University. Her current research interests include the perception of race in timbre and sound, musical constructions of alterity and identity, and Afrofuturism. The arts, however, can be used effectively to augment this method, motivating students and appealing to their innate artistry and humanity. Weinberger, N. (1998). Columbia University is committed to providing an accessible and welcoming environment for faculty, staff, students, guests, visitors and members of the public. Fox Ph.D. The mestizo people that inhabit these savannas on the great Orinoco River are descendants of Spanish settlers, African slaves and indigenous people (also known as indians). Previously she held professorial positions at Swarthmore College and the University of Hartford. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? The depicted individual does not appear to be performing for anyone in particular. On the positive side, children are learning from a professional, trained to teach music to children. Sin embargo, luego de tres aos y medio de papeleos y discusiones con la direccin de Patrimonio del Ministerio de Cultura sobre si se trataba de una herencia material o inmaterial, la casa se cay y ya no hubo nada de declarar, como relata Luis. But, linguistics actually has a whole branch devoted to the study of vocal sounds. In 2003, she earned a PhD in Ethnomusicology and Folklore with a minor in African American Studies from Indiana University. Leadership, Nov./Dec., 1417. On the back of his mind is the fact that he gets out of work at 6 pm and his gig starts at 6:30 pm. Principal, 77, 5658. The melody is very simple, containing only four pitches and a fair amount of repetition. Most of the entries in the NAME column of the output from lsof +D /tmp do not begin with /tmp. The music in our minds. Sin embargo, estas expresiones no se encuentra nicamente en el Pacfico, . En el municipio de Timbiqu, en el departamento del Cauca, ocho artistas de los corregimientos de San Jos, Santa Brbara y Santa Mara se juntaron para grabar un disco que representara una de las manifestaciones ms conmovedoras del Pacfico colombiano: los cantos de alabao. It sometimes celebrates saints and love, or laments misfortune. Junto con los alabaos encontramos otras manifestaciones que hacen parte de los rituales de velorio y que son centrales en la historia de los pueblos afro del Pacfico colombiano: los guales, tambin conocidos como chigualos, que se realizaban cuando mora un nio. Phonetics divides speech sounds (phonemes) into two broad categories: vowels and consonants. from a musical perspective alabaos are. The elevation of music to a stand-alone subject in the U.S. national standards' definition of a "well-rounded education" (Education, 2015, p. 807) highlights the necessity of a rigorous education in both music and STEM subjects. primary index in teradata. (Blacking, 1985, p. 21). Support the Folklife Festival, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, sustainability projects, educational outreach, and more. ", Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy, Terms of Use), Living traditions of, by, and for the people. . Percussion sounds and unvoiced consonants are both musically unpitched, and instead distinguished solely by timbre. Juga A two-voice song in which aspects of everyday Chocoan life are described and patron saints are praised. How did people hear music back then? I have touched on all the musical aspects of phonemes in all languages. For example, to me "envelope follower" is a musical term that is not a music theory term. One reason is that music and identity are closely related, and groups or cohorts of people listen to particular songs targeted toward their age group produced by the market-driven music business. All rights reserved. Often, the most important sources are informal. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Music theory doesn't really provide terms to describe timbre in general with the same conciseness that it can describe pitch and rhythm. Photos. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Sin embargo, estas expresiones no se encuentra nicamente en el Pacfico. Flake, C. L. E. (1993). Describe the quality or tone color of each sound (timbre) of each sound. Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified. So an accurate, if trivial, answer to your question as to why hello sounds different to goodbye could be "the lyrics are different" though that doesn't seem to be the spirit in which your question is asked. Phone: (803)536-3333 charitha attalage podcast. Mayes, C. (2007). At home, children are exposed to a familys musical heritage, which may contain music unfamiliar to those in their dominant culture. Another thing that makes the /t/ sound different from the /k/ is the position of the mouth is different, which causes different filtering just like we see in the vowel sounds. Part of the reason for this is that one of the main use cases for music theory concepts over the years has been to provide performance instructions - and with traditional (acoustic) instruments, the most efficient way to do this is simply specify the instrument with which the part is to be played, and add any other performance instructions to the score. acknowledges the growing interest in the psychology of music, but argues that cognitive psychology and music theory are two disciplines with essentially different and mutually incompatible aims / challenges the notion that music theory ought to be considered a branch of psychology / points out that there are potential pitfalls in applying general psychological theories to music without taking . For more information about the event, visit the event website. Shirley (Ratidzai) Chikukwais a Zimbabwean-born ethnomusicologist and a third-year PhD student at Columbia University. Where did they have to go to hear music? (Eds. The chirima chocoana consists of clarinet, flute or euphonium, cymbals, drum, requinta, and bombo. Their music and performance refer to the massacres and abuses committed by both the FARC leftist guerrilla group and the right-wing paramilitary in the nearby village of Bojay. All of these combine to create our acoustic environment. As humans, music is an innate part of our existence, as we all possess the physical mechanisms to make and process organized sound just as we do language. Some examples are warning devices, bells, whistles, horns, sirens, etc. The Zimbabwean proverb, If you can walk, you can dance; if you can talk, you can sing, is quite apropos here. Los alabaos, guales y levantamientos son manifestaciones que permitieron a la cultura afro reconstruirse y reinventarse, fortalecer su tejido social y facilitar la supervivencia a travs de los aos. Analog-based playback functions such as pause, rewind, and fast forward are also featured. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions It means down river and is performed by the bogas (boatmen) as they go down the river, transporting goods or people on canoes, rafts or small boats. New York: Oxford University Press. Is it plausible for constructed languages to be used to affect thought and control or mold people towards desired outcomes? Rochester, VT: Destiny Books. when is a felony traffic stop done; saskatchewan ghost towns near saskatoon; affitti brevi periodi napoli vomero; general motors intrinsic value; nah shon hyland house fire Dicha experiencia, fortalecida con los conocimientos de la investigadora de las msicas de marimba y cantos tradicionales del Pacfico, Paola Andrea Henao, un producto que es testimonio de los cantos que estn desapareciendo en la regin. Read the University Statement on Public Access. Ruppert, S. S. (2006). What is the difference between male head voice and falsetto? Her recent book My Fathers Daughter, has been described as a riveting narration of Onyeka Onwenus enthralling journey through life. In America, all of the music we currently know today is derived from the musical genres that came before us. This is the essence of our music. The result impacts teacher perceptions regarding the incorporation of the arts in their lessons as there is a sense that using the arts is somehow a diversion that will take away classroom time from what are considered more worthy subjects. Thanks for contributing an answer to Music: Practice & Theory Stack Exchange! The African Diaspora presents musical case studies from various regions of the African diaspora . She has performed in Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa, the United Kingdom (where she recently completed a four-month performance fellowship with the British Royal National Theatre), and the USA. English dialects, though. Su raz est en el sincretismo que result del encuentro entre los misioneros franciscanos y las diversas comunidades ubicadas en zonas muy . All of the songs are rife with musical, cultural, and historical significance. Reacciones al escndalo: mientras el Pacto Histrico cierra filas para proteger al presidente, la oposicin y los partidos se hacen mil preguntas por lo que est pasando con Nicols Petro, La Fuerza Pblica qued herida: un polica del Esmad fue asesinado a cuchillo en el Caquet por una turba mientras ms de 70 de sus compaeros fueron secuestrados; claman justicia, Estos son todos los detalles de la reunin del presidente Gustavo Petro con Day Vsquez: as fue el da en que ella le cont las andanzas de su hijo Nicols Petro, Naufragio masivo de migrantes en Italia sacude al mundo y seis noticias ms de esta semana, Es una situacin sin precedentes: Pawel Wozny, embajador de Polonia, cuenta los retos que la guerra en Ucrania deja en su pas. Music: Practice & Theory Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for musicians, students, and enthusiasts. John Blacking: An interview conducted and edited by Keith Howard. For example, a childs environment in a city will be vastly different than one in the country, or the soundscape of 1,000 years ago differs dramatically from a soundscape today. What if you heard of a new product that could help children focus, increase their learning potential, re-boot their cognitive functioning, and make them feel relaxed and refreshed all in a few minutes? I know it can't be pitch, because all of these words and syllables can be spoken at the same pitch and still sound distinct, and changing the lyrics of a song does not change the pitch. The global achievement gap: Why even our best schools dont teach the new survival skills our children needand what we can do about it. The music room and regular classroom are some of the only places many children have to make music in their day. Althea SullyColeis an ethnomusicologist and multi-instrumentalist from New York City. Ministerio de Cultura. The High School Journal, 85, 1224. Rabkin, N., & Redmond, R. (2006). Phonetics divides speech sounds (phonemes) into two broad categories: vowels and consonants. The pitches used during speech generally do not have a typical musical relationship, but sometimes might be "accidentally" musical. I. Here, pieces that pay homage to the art of music, as celebrated over the course of history are on display. Believe it or not, your accrued, cultural knowledge, added to a little enthusiasm and singing, is more than enough to be able to incorporate music into a lesson or curriculum. The formant is like a filter setting, just like for vowel sounds, but since there is no pitch to filter, what is being filtered instead is noise or unpitched tones. These rituals and songs reinforce a sense of solidarity, bring the community together, and maintain the traditions of this Afro-Colombian communities. During the transition to vowel, the difference between /m/ and /n/ is similar to the difference between /w/ and /y/. Some sources are made by nature, such as wind, water, and waves; some are human-made such as singing, speech, and stomping; some are made by animals, such as calls, cries, and growls; some are machine-made clanks, whistles, whirrs, and beeps. What has not changed, however, is a childs innate desire to be musical, make music, and learn from it. Schafer, R. M. (1993). How do children of other cultures experience music? How can educators and educational systems meet these needs? Yet another approach is to listen to or read and learn about examples of "Vocoder" equipment and techniques. This is because childrens songs often preserve the social and historical meaning of a culture and the identity of its people. For example, the above questions cover music theory, analysis, repertoire, and the uses and function of music in culture. El trabajo fue masterizado por Felipe Lpez. Redoing the align environment with a specific formatting. Early childhood preservice teachers beliefs about music, developmentally appropriate practice, and the relationship between music and developmentally appropriate practice. Adems, ha producido discos como La familia Torres y la marimba de los espritus, de Gualajo; o La belleza de mi pueblo, de Faustina. The truth is that we all know a great deal about music through enculturation. Why is that? We are held captive as she takes us into her world -from the heart-warming affection of her father to living through the anguish of the Nigeria-Biafra war, from a remarkable mothers love to family intrigues, from feminism to a career that has put her in the limelight for decades. 274 likes 278 followers. Generally speaking, Ma Onwenu is a graduate of Wellesley College, Wellesley Massachusetts and the New School for Social Research in New York. This is cattle rearing country where life revolves around country ranches. (2007). Most people believe that music plays a significant role in their lives. Soundmark: This term is inspired by the word landmark and refers to the sound unique to an area. Cantos de zafra Colombian harvest chants. Texas: A Celebration of Music, Food, and Wine, Roots of Virginia Culture: The Past is Present, Carriers of Culture: Living Native Basket Traditions, Nuestra Msica: Music in Latino Culture (2005), Haiti: Freedom and Creativity from the Mountains to the Sea, Nuestra Msica: Music in Latino Culture (2004), South Africa: Crafting the Economic Renaissance of the Rainbow Nation, The Baltic Nations: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, Heartbeat: The Voices of First Nations Women, Russian Roots, American Branches: Music in Two Worlds, The Czech Republic: Tradition and Transformation, Culture and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, Masters of Traditional Arts: The National Endowment for the Arts National Heritage Fellows, Creativity and Resistance: Maroon Culture in the Americas, The Changing Soundscape in Indian Country, Forest, Field and Sea: Folklife in Indonesia, Roots of Rhythm and Blues: The Robert Johnson Era, Les Ftes Chez Nous: France and North America, The Caribbean: Cultural Encounters in the New World, Ingenuity and Tradition: The Common Wealth of Massachusetts, Migration to Metropolitan Washington: Making a New Place Home, Music from the Peoples of the Soviet Union, Cultural Conservation and Languages: America's Many Voices, Cultural Conservation: Traditional Crafts in a Post-Industrial Age, Black Urban Expressive Culture from Philadelphia, National Heritage Fellowships Program (1983), National Heritage Fellowships Program (1982), Music and Crafts of the Southeastern United States, Community Activities and Food Preservation, Folklife in the Museum: A Nation of Nations (1978), Folklife in the Museum: Renwick Gallery (1978), Folklife in the Museum: A Nation of Nations (1977), Folklife in the Museum: Hall of Musical Instruments, Folklife in the Museum: Renwick Gallery (1977), Fulvia Ruz Ibarguen, singer, artisanal miner, Andagoya. Makerule or Maquerule This air from the southern Pacific coast of Colombia has a rhythmic base very similar to Chocoana dance (a dance with European roots). American evolution: '1776' revisits pivotal moment in US history via diverse, present-day perspective The oft-rousing and well-truncated book by Peter Stone celebratory but not without a . Teach the arts for reasons beyond the research. Develop a list of characteristics that make childrens songs so popular, unforgettable, and able to survive for generations. Music, as energy, has the ability to transform all those within its reach. Here's more of a breakdown aspects of phonemes: Those are the primary elements that distinguish different phonemes summarized with musical, rather than phonetic, terms. As professional instructors, childcare workers, or students looking forward to a career working with children, we must continuously search for ways to tap into childrens natural reservoirs of enthusiasm for singing, moving, and experimenting with instruments. All of these settings are part of a persons enculturation, or learning ones culture through experiences, observations, and both formal and informal settings. The instruments are not at play but rather rest motionless with no musicians represented. It's difficult to explain Murail's views in a comment here; the article is online, though behind paywalls apparently. Is it suspicious or odd to stand by the gate of a GA airport watching the planes? Describe any revelations or thoughts that youve had during this experience. Now write down the sounds and describe them. Schafer coined the terms keynote, soundmark, and sound signal to distinguish between different types of sounds, their connections to the environment, and our perception of them. Routledge. Blacking, John. Phonetics doesn't really approach things from a musical perspective, so I thought I might try to make some correlations between phonetics and musical acoustics. "You have to raise the gardens to prevent the hens from eating the seeds because they will eat anything they find. She is a Chant Performer, Poet, Broadcaster, and a Mother-Tongue Advocate. rev2023.3.3.43278. Her publications explore the nexus where identity, history, culture and music meet. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Children are capable of appreciating beauty in art, music, language, and movement. They sing primarily for funeral rituals, and their songs are mainly performed by women. Blends of European, Caribbean, and African-American people combined in a way like that of no other culture. Joropo read the article The Joropo of the Colombian and Venezuelan Plains. From outside, the baby hears language and music, mostly low sound waves from bass instruments and loud noises. The traditional merengue vallenato, has a beat of 6/8, a derived rhythm, since the original beats were 4/4, 3/3 and 2/2 from this point of view the merengue vallenato is the most complex air and at the same time the most original of the four traditions. Washington, DC: Rowman and Littlefield. El proyecto cont con la coproduccin de Resistencia Music y la investigadora Paola Andrea Henao. ", they often us a sing-song tone that is a melodic minor third. (2013). Tambin se haca el levantamiento de su tumba, que comenzaba con el entierro y duraba nueve das. Sin embargo, luego de tres aos y medio de papeleos y discusiones con la direccin de Patrimonio del Ministerio de Cultura sobre si se trataba de una herencia material o inmaterial, la casa se cay y ya no hubo nada de declarar, como relata Luis.